RAJAPALAYAM MILLS LIMITED
|
Promoter Group |
Acquisition |
05 Sep 2025 |
500,000 |
12,293,180
(14.16%)
|
0.58%
|
308.1 |
154,050,000
|
04 Sep 2025 04 Sep 2025 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Inter-se Transfer |
ALAGARAJA RAMALAKSHMI
|
Promoter Group |
Disposal |
05 Sep 2025 |
500,000 |
426,340
(0.49%)
|
0.58%
|
308.1 |
154,050,000
|
04 Sep 2025 04 Sep 2025 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Inter-se Transfer |
THE RAMCO CEMENTS LIMITED
|
Promoter Group |
Disposal |
30 Oct 2024 |
14,091,500 |
1,000
(0%)
|
16.23%
|
232.0 |
3,269,900,000
|
29 Oct 2024 29 Oct 2024 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Inter-se Transfer |
RAMCO MANAGEMENT PRIVATE LIMITED
|
Promoter Group |
Acquisition |
30 Oct 2024 |
10,700,000 |
12,598,800
(14.51%)
|
12.33%
|
232.1 |
2,482,935,000
|
29 Oct 2024 29 Oct 2024 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Inter-se Transfer |
RAJAPALAYAM MILLS LIMITED
|
Promoter Group |
Acquisition |
30 Oct 2024 |
3,391,500 |
11,793,180
(13.59%)
|
3.91%
|
232.1 |
786,997,575
|
29 Oct 2024 29 Oct 2024 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Inter-se Transfer |
Ramco Management Pvt Ltd & Rajapalayam Mills Ltd
|
Other |
Acquisition |
07 Nov 2024 |
14,091,500 |
-
|
16.23%
|
|
-
|
28 Oct 2024 28 Oct 2024 |
SAST (10(6)) |
- |
- |
Ramco Management Pvt Ltd
|
Promoter |
Acquisition |
07 Nov 2024 |
10,700,000 |
12,598,800
(14.51%)
|
12.32%
|
|
-
|
29 Oct 2024 29 Oct 2024 |
SAST (29(2)) |
- |
Inter-se Transfer |
The Ramco Cements Ltd
|
Promoter |
Disposal |
06 Nov 2024 |
14,091,500 |
1,000
|
16.23%
|
|
-
|
29 Oct 2024 29 Oct 2024 |
SAST (29(2)) |
- |
Inter-se Transfer |
Rajapalayam Mills Ltd
|
Promoter |
Acquisition |
07 Nov 2024 |
3,391,500 |
11,793,180
(13.59%)
|
3.91%
|
|
-
|
29 Oct 2024 29 Oct 2024 |
SAST (29(2)) |
- |
Inter-se Transfer |
P.R. VENKETRAMA RAJA
|
Promoter |
Revoke |
24 Oct 2024 |
1,700,000 |
9,297,931
(10.71%)
|
1.96%
|
242.5 |
412,300,000
|
22 Oct 2024 22 Oct 2024 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Pledge Released |
Shri P R Venketrama Raja
|
Promoter |
Pledge |
29 Oct 2024 |
1,700,000 |
0
|
-
|
|
-
|
22 Oct 2024 22 Oct 2024 |
SAST (Reg31) |
- |
Release |
Ramco Management Pvt Ltd & Rajapalayam Mills Ltd
|
Promoter |
Acquisition |
05 Nov 2024 |
14,091,500 |
-
|
16.23%
|
|
-
|
28 Oct 2024 28 Oct 2024 |
SAST (10(5)) |
- |
None |
P.R. VENKETRAMA RAJA
|
Promoter |
Revoke |
19 Oct 2024 |
825,000 |
9,297,931
(10.71%)
|
0.95%
|
247.2 |
203,900,000
|
17 Oct 2024 17 Oct 2024 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Pledge Released |
Shri P R Venketrama Raja
|
Promoter |
Pledge |
29 Oct 2024 |
825,000 |
1,700,000
|
-
|
|
-
|
17 Oct 2024 17 Oct 2024 |
SAST (Reg31) |
- |
Release |
R Sundarsanam
|
Promoter |
Disposal |
28 Oct 2024 |
3,077,276 |
-
|
3.54%
|
|
-
|
14 Oct 2024 14 Oct 2024 |
SAST (29(2)) |
- |
Inter-se Transfer |
R. SUDARSANAM
|
Promoter Group |
Disposal |
15 Oct 2024 |
3,077,276 |
0
(0%)
|
3.54%
|
231.6 |
712,800,000
|
14 Oct 2024 14 Oct 2024 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Gift |
P.R. VENKETRAMA RAJA
|
Promoter |
Acquisition |
15 Oct 2024 |
3,077,276 |
9,297,931
(10.71%)
|
3.54%
|
231.6 |
712,800,000
|
14 Oct 2024 14 Oct 2024 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Gift |
P R Venketrama Raja
|
Promoter |
Acquisition |
28 Oct 2024 |
3,077,276 |
6,772,931
(7.80%)
|
3.54%
|
|
-
|
14 Oct 2024 14 Oct 2024 |
SAST (29(2)) |
- |
Inter-se Transfer |
Shri. P.R. Venketrama Raja
|
Promoter |
Pledge |
06 Aug 2024 |
825,000 |
2,525,000
|
-
|
|
-
|
18 Jul 2024 18 Jul 2024 |
SAST (Reg31) |
- |
Creation |
MR.P.R.VENKETRAMA RAJA
|
Promoter |
Pledge |
19 Jul 2024 |
825,000 |
6,220,655
(7.17%)
|
0.95%
|
249.3 |
205,700,000
|
18 Jul 2024 18 Jul 2024 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Creation Of Pledge |
MR.P.R.VENKETRAMA RAJA
|
Promoter |
Pledge |
06 Mar 2024 |
1,400,000 |
6,220,655
(7.17%)
|
1.61%
|
220.7 |
308,910,000
|
04 Mar 2024 04 Mar 2024 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Creation Of Pledge |
Shri P R Venketrama Raja
|
Promoter |
Pledge |
24 Dec 2024 |
1,400,000 |
1,700,000
|
-
|
|
-
|
04 Mar 2024 04 Mar 2024 |
SAST (Reg31) |
- |
Creation |
SARADHA DEEPA
|
Promoter Group |
Revoke |
05 May 2023 |
580,000 |
5,263,655
(6.06%)
|
0.67%
|
131.4 |
76,200,000
|
03 May 2023 03 May 2023 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Pledge Released |
SMT.Saradha Deepa
|
Promoter |
Pledge |
24 Dec 2024 |
580,000 |
0
|
-
|
|
-
|
03 May 2023 03 May 2023 |
SAST (Reg31) |
- |
Release |
Shri. P.R. Venketrama Raja
|
Promoter |
Pledge |
24 Dec 2024 |
400,000 |
300,000
|
-
|
|
-
|
03 Mar 2023 03 Mar 2023 |
SAST (Reg31) |
- |
Release |
MR.P.R.VENKETRAMA RAJA
|
Promoter |
Pledge |
07 Jan 2023 |
300,000 |
6,220,655
(7.18%)
|
0.36%
|
162.3 |
48,700,000
|
06 Jan 2023 06 Jan 2023 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Creation Of Pledge |
Shri. P.R. Venketrama Raja
|
Promoter |
Pledge |
24 Dec 2024 |
300,000 |
700,000
|
-
|
|
-
|
06 Jan 2023 06 Jan 2023 |
SAST (Reg31) |
- |
Creation |
N K SHRIKANTAN RAJA HUF
|
Director |
Disposal |
09 Dec 2022 |
2,900 |
17,067
(0.02%)
|
0.00%
|
165.9 |
481,017
|
08 Dec 2022 08 Dec 2022 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Market Sale |
N K SHRIKANTAN RAJA HUF
|
Director |
Disposal |
09 Dec 2022 |
2,000 |
19,967
(0.02%)
|
0.00%
|
165.8 |
331,600
|
08 Dec 2022 08 Dec 2022 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Market Sale |
N K SHRIKANTAN RAJA
|
Director |
Disposal |
09 Dec 2022 |
294 |
16,373
(0.02%)
|
0.00%
|
165.8 |
48,745
|
08 Dec 2022 08 Dec 2022 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Market Sale |
N K SHRIKANTAN RAJA HUF
|
Director |
Disposal |
08 Dec 2022 |
1,000 |
23,067
(0.03%)
|
0.00%
|
165.6 |
165,563
|
07 Dec 2022 07 Dec 2022 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Market Sale |
N K SHRIKANTAN RAJA HUF
|
Director |
Disposal |
08 Dec 2022 |
1,100 |
21,967
(0.03%)
|
0.00%
|
165.5 |
182,061
|
07 Dec 2022 07 Dec 2022 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Market Sale |
N S GITHALAKSHMI
|
Directors Immediate Relative |
Disposal |
08 Dec 2022 |
107 |
19,893
(0.02%)
|
0.00%
|
167 |
17,869
|
06 Dec 2022 06 Dec 2022 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Market Sale |
N S GITHALAKSHMI
|
Directors Immediate Relative |
Disposal |
08 Dec 2022 |
3,500 |
16,393
(0.02%)
|
0.00%
|
167.0 |
584,385
|
06 Dec 2022 06 Dec 2022 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Market Sale |
N S GITHALAKSHMI
|
Directors Immediate Relative |
Disposal |
08 Dec 2022 |
1,200 |
15,193
(0.02%)
|
0.00%
|
166.2 |
199,466
|
07 Dec 2022 07 Dec 2022 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Market Sale |
N S KRISHNAMMA RAJA
|
Directors Immediate Relative |
Disposal |
08 Dec 2022 |
2,500 |
3,000
(0%)
|
0.00%
|
167.0 |
417,454
|
06 Dec 2022 06 Dec 2022 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Market Sale |
N S GITHALAKSHMI
|
Directors Immediate Relative |
Disposal |
08 Dec 2022 |
2,693 |
12,500
(0.01%)
|
0.00%
|
166.2 |
447,631
|
07 Dec 2022 07 Dec 2022 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Market Sale |
N K SHRIKANTAN RAJA
|
Director |
Disposal |
08 Dec 2022 |
6,547 |
16,667
(0.02%)
|
0.01%
|
165.6 |
1,084,456
|
07 Dec 2022 07 Dec 2022 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Market Sale |
N K SHRIKANTAN RAJA HUF
|
Director |
Disposal |
08 Dec 2022 |
3,700 |
24,067
(0.03%)
|
0.00%
|
167.0 |
618,071
|
06 Dec 2022 06 Dec 2022 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Market Sale |
N K SHRIKANTAN RAJA
|
Director |
Disposal |
08 Dec 2022 |
600 |
26,773
(0.03%)
|
0.00%
|
167 |
100,200
|
06 Dec 2022 06 Dec 2022 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Market Sale |
N K SHRIKANTAN RAJA
|
Director |
Disposal |
08 Dec 2022 |
1,759 |
23,214
(0.03%)
|
0.00%
|
165.6 |
291,230
|
07 Dec 2022 07 Dec 2022 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Market Sale |
N K SHRIKANTAN RAJA
|
Director |
Disposal |
08 Dec 2022 |
1,800 |
24,973
(0.03%)
|
0.00%
|
167.1 |
300,805
|
06 Dec 2022 06 Dec 2022 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Market Sale |
MR.P.R.VENKETRAMA RAJA
|
Promoter |
Revoke |
28 Sep 2022 |
600,000 |
6,220,655
(7.18%)
|
0.72%
|
187.5 |
112,470,000
|
26 Sep 2022 26 Sep 2022 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Pledge Released |
P R VENKETRAMA RAJA
|
Promoter |
Pledge |
24 Dec 2024 |
600,000 |
400,000
|
-
|
|
-
|
26 Sep 2022 |
SAST (Reg31) |
- |
Release |
Shri. P. R. Venketrama Raja
|
Promoter |
Pledge |
24 Dec 2024 |
1,000,000 |
1,000,000
|
-
|
|
-
|
04 Mar 2022 |
SAST (Reg31) |
- |
Release |
MRS. NALINA RAMALAKSHMI
|
Promoter Group |
Disposal |
30 Mar 2022 |
50,000 |
6,250,655
(7.22%)
|
0.06%
|
203.7 |
10,185,399
|
29 Mar 2022 29 Mar 2022 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Market Sale |
SHRI P.R. VENKETRAMA RAJA
|
Promoter |
Revoke |
05 Mar 2022 |
1,000,000 |
6,220,655
(7.18%)
|
1.20%
|
215.6 |
215,600,000
|
04 Mar 2022 04 Mar 2022 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Pledge Released |
SARADHA DEEPA
|
Promoter Group |
Revoke |
08 Jul 2021 |
250,000 |
5,263,655
(6.07%)
|
0.29%
|
269.4 |
67,337,500
|
16 Jun 2021 16 Jun 2021 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Pledge Released |
Smt Saradha Deepa
|
Promoter |
Pledge |
24 Dec 2024 |
250,000 |
580,000
|
-
|
|
-
|
16 Jun 2021 16 Jun 2021 |
SAST (Reg31) |
- |
Release |
Shri. P.R. Venketrama Raja
|
Promoter |
Pledge |
24 Dec 2024 |
1,000,000 |
2,000,000
|
-
|
|
-
|
02 Mar 2021 02 Mar 2021 |
SAST (Reg31) |
- |
Release |
SHRI P.R. VENKETRAMA RAJA
|
Promoter |
Revoke |
04 Mar 2021 |
1,000,000 |
6,220,655
(7.18%)
|
1.20%
|
255.4 |
255,400,000
|
02 Mar 2021 02 Mar 2021 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Pledge Released |
Shri. P.R. Venketrama Raja
|
Promoter |
Pledge |
24 Dec 2024 |
1,000,000 |
2,000,000
|
-
|
|
-
|
02 Mar 2021 02 Mar 2021 |
SAST (Reg31) |
- |
Release |
N S GITHALAKSHMI
|
Directors Immediate Relative |
Disposal |
18 Jun 2019 |
10,000 |
20,000
(0.02%)
|
0.01%
|
204.2 |
2,042,000
|
17 Jun 2019 17 Jun 2019 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Market Sale |
SHARADA DEEPA
|
Promoter |
Disposal |
18 Jun 2019 |
250,000 |
5,263,655
(6.07%)
|
0.29%
|
0 |
0
|
17 Jun 2019 17 Jun 2019 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Gift |
N K SHRIKANTAN RAJA
|
Director |
Disposal |
18 Jun 2019 |
65,000 |
55,140
(0.06%)
|
0.07%
|
204.3 |
13,279,501
|
17 Jun 2019 17 Jun 2019 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Market Sale |
N S KRISHNAMMA RAJA
|
Directors Immediate Relative |
Disposal |
18 Jun 2019 |
15,000 |
5,500
(0.01%)
|
0.02%
|
204.3 |
3,064,483
|
17 Jun 2019 17 Jun 2019 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Market Sale |
P V NIRMALA
|
Promoter |
Acquisition |
18 Jun 2019 |
250,000 |
310,000
(0.35%)
|
0.29%
|
0 |
0
|
17 Jun 2019 17 Jun 2019 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Gift |
P V NIRMALA
|
Promoter |
Acquisition |
18 Jun 2019 |
90,000 |
400,000
(0.46%)
|
0.10%
|
204.7 |
18,422,000
|
17 Jun 2019 17 Jun 2019 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Market Purchase |
SHARADA DEEPA
|
Promoter |
Disposal |
13 Dec 2018 |
43,000 |
5,513,655
(6.36%)
|
0.05%
|
223.8 |
9,623,056
|
12 Dec 2018 12 Dec 2018 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Market Sale |
Sharadha Deepa
|
Promoter |
Disposal |
20 Nov 2018 |
34,000 |
5,646,655
(6.52%)
|
0.04%
|
221.4 |
7,527,314
|
19 Nov 2018 19 Nov 2018 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Inter-se Transfer |
Ramco Management Pvt. Ltd.
|
Promoter |
Acquisition |
20 Nov 2018 |
34,000 |
1,898,800
(2.19%)
|
0.04%
|
221.4 |
7,527,314
|
19 Nov 2018 19 Nov 2018 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Inter-se Transfer |
Sharadha Deepa
|
Promoter |
Disposal |
20 Nov 2018 |
90,000 |
5,556,655
(6.41%)
|
0.10%
|
222.7 |
20,039,692
|
19 Nov 2018 19 Nov 2018 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Market Sale |
P.R. VENKETRAMA RAJA
|
Promoter |
Revoke |
01 Oct 2018 |
630,000 |
6,220,655
(7.18%)
|
0.73%
|
197.9 |
124,700,000
|
28 Sep 2018 28 Sep 2018 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Pledge Released |
Shri .P. R. Venketrama Raja
|
Promoter |
Pledge |
24 Dec 2024 |
630,000 |
3,000,000
|
-
|
|
-
|
28 Sep 2018 28 Sep 2018 |
SAST (Reg31) |
- |
Release |
Shri P.R. Venketrama Raja
|
Promoter |
Pledge |
24 Dec 2024 |
630,000 |
3,000,000
|
-
|
|
-
|
28 Sep 2018 28 Sep 2018 |
SAST (Reg31) |
- |
Release |
Saradha Deepa
|
Promoter |
Disposal |
25 Sep 2018 |
540,000 |
5,680,655
(6.55%)
|
0.62%
|
209.2 |
112,978,000
|
24 Sep 2018 24 Sep 2018 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Inter-se Transfer |
Rajapalayam Mills Ltd
|
Promoter |
Acquisition |
25 Sep 2018 |
481,000 |
8,401,680
(9.69%)
|
0.55%
|
209.7 |
100,877,967
|
24 Sep 2018 24 Sep 2018 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Inter-se Transfer |
Ramco Management Pvt Ltd
|
Promoter |
Acquisition |
25 Sep 2018 |
59,000 |
1,864,800
(2.15%)
|
0.07%
|
211.7 |
12,491,936
|
24 Sep 2018 24 Sep 2018 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Inter-se Transfer |
Saradha Deepa
|
Promoter |
Pledge |
07 Sep 2017 |
580,000 |
5,390,655
(6.22%)
|
0.67%
|
258.6 |
150,000,000
|
06 Sep 2017 06 Sep 2017 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Pledge |
Smt.Saradha Deepa
|
Promoter |
Pledge |
24 Dec 2024 |
580,000 |
830,000
|
-
|
|
-
|
06 Sep 2017 06 Sep 2017 |
SAST (Reg31) |
- |
Creation |
P R Venketrama Raja
|
Promoter |
Revoke |
17 Aug 2017 |
1,870,000 |
2,590,655
(2.99%)
|
2.16%
|
|
-
|
14 Aug 2017 14 Aug 2017 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Revocation Of Pledge |
Shri. P. R. Venketrama Raja
|
Promoter |
- |
24 Dec 2024 |
1,870,000 |
3,630,000
|
-
|
|
-
|
14 Aug 2017 14 Aug 2017 |
SAST (Reg31) |
- |
Release |
Saradha Deepa
|
Immediate Relative |
Acquisition |
07 Jun 2017 |
720,655 |
6,220,655
(7.18%)
|
0.83%
|
|
-
|
02 Jun 2017 02 Jun 2017 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Inter-se Transfer |
Nalina Ramalakshmi
|
Promoter |
Acquisition |
07 Jun 2017 |
720,655 |
6,300,655
(7.27%)
|
0.83%
|
|
-
|
02 Jun 2017 02 Jun 2017 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Inter-se Transfer |
P R Venketrama Raja
|
Promoter & Director |
Acquisition |
07 Jun 2017 |
720,655 |
6,220,655
(7.18%)
|
0.83%
|
|
-
|
02 Jun 2017 02 Jun 2017 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Inter-se Transfer |
R Sudarsanam
|
Promoter |
Acquisition |
07 Jun 2017 |
720,656 |
3,077,276
(3.55%)
|
0.83%
|
|
-
|
02 Jun 2017 02 Jun 2017 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Inter-se Transfer |
Nalina Ramalakshmi
|
Promoter |
Acquisition |
06 Jun 2017 |
720,655 |
6,300,655
(7.27%)
|
0.83%
|
|
-
|
02 Jun 2017 02 Jun 2017 |
SAST (29(2)) |
- |
Market |
R Sudarsanam
|
Promoter |
Acquisition |
06 Jun 2017 |
720,656 |
3,077,276
(3.55%)
|
0.83%
|
|
-
|
02 Jun 2017 02 Jun 2017 |
SAST (29(2)) |
- |
Market |
P R Venketrama Raja
|
Promoter |
Acquisition |
06 Jun 2017 |
720,655 |
6,220,655
(7.18%)
|
0.83%
|
|
-
|
02 Jun 2017 02 Jun 2017 |
SAST (29(2)) |
- |
Market |
Saradha Deepa
|
Promoter |
Acquisition |
06 Jun 2017 |
720,655 |
6,220,655
(7.18%)
|
0.83%
|
|
-
|
01 Jun 2017 01 Jun 2017 |
SAST (29(2)) |
- |
Market |
Saradha Deepa
|
Promoter |
Pledge |
27 Dec 2016 |
250,000 |
5,250,000
(6.06%)
|
0.29%
|
160 |
40,000,000
|
26 Dec 2016 26 Dec 2016 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Pledge |
Smt. Saradha Deepa
|
Promoter |
Pledge |
24 Dec 2024 |
250,000 |
250,000
|
-
|
|
-
|
26 Dec 2016 26 Dec 2016 |
SAST (Reg31) |
- |
Creation |
K T Ramachandran
|
Director |
Acquisition |
19 Sep 2016 |
227,171 |
447,171
(0.52%)
|
0.26%
|
119.3 |
27,100,000
|
20 Nov 2015 20 Nov 2015 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Market |
P R Venketrama Raja
|
Promoter |
Pledge |
04 May 2016 |
3,000,000 |
-
|
3.46%
|
115.8 |
347,400,000
|
03 May 2016 03 May 2016 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Pledge |
Shri P R Venketrama Raja
|
Promoter |
Pledge |
24 Dec 2024 |
3,000,000 |
5,500,000
|
-
|
|
-
|
03 May 2016 03 May 2016 |
SAST (Reg31) |
- |
Creation |
P R Venketrama Raja
|
Promoter |
- |
24 Dec 2024 |
700,000 |
2,500,000
|
-
|
|
-
|
11 Mar 2016 11 Mar 2016 |
SAST (Reg31) |
- |
Release |
P R Venketrama Raja
|
Promoter |
Revoke |
30 Apr 2016 |
700,000 |
3,000,000
(3.46%)
|
0.81%
|
|
-
|
11 Mar 2016 11 Mar 2016 |
Insider Trading |
Equity Shares |
Revocation Of Pledge |